Spring and Autumn Annals

[It was his] first year, the spring, the king’s first month.

In the third month, the duke and E-foo of Choo made a covenant in Mëeh.

In summer, in the fifth month, the earl of Ch‘ing overcame Twan in Yen.

In autumn, in the seventh month, the king [by] Heaven’s [grace] sent the [sub-] administrator Heuen with a present of [two] carriages and their horses for the funerals of duke Hwuy and [his wife] Chung Tsze.

In the ninth month, [the duke] and an officer of Sung made a covenant in Suh.

In winter, in the twelfth month, the earl of Chae came [to Loo].

Kung-tsze Yih-sze died.

In his second year, in spring, the duke had a meeting with the [chief of the] Jung at Ts‘ëen.

In summer, in the fifth month, an army of Keu entered Hëang.

Woo-hëae led a force and entered Keih.

In autumn, in the eighth month, [on the day] Kăng-shin, the duke made a covenant with the Jung at T‘ang.

In the ninth month, Le-seu of Ke came to meet the bride [for his prince].

In winter, in the tenth month, the duke’s eldest daughter went to her home in Ke.

Tsze-pih of Ke and the count of Keu made a covenant at Meih.

In the twelfth month, on the day Yih-maou, the [duke’s] wife, the lady Tsze, died.

An army of Ch‘ing invaded Wei.

In his third year, in spring, in the king’s second month, on the day Ke-sze, the sun was eclipsed.

In the third month, on the day Kăng-seuh, the king [by] Heaven’s [grace] died.

In summer, in the fourth month, on the day Sin-maou, [an officer of] the Yin family died.

In autumn, a son of the Woo family came [to Loo] to ask for the contribution of money towards the [king’s] burial.

In the eighth month, on the day Kăng-shin, Ho, duke of Sung, died.

In winter, in the twelfth month, the marquis of Ts‘e and the earl of Ch‘ing made a covenant at Shih-mûn.

[On the day] Kwei-we, there was the burial of duke Muh of Sung.

In his fourth year, in spring, in the king’s second month, an army of Keu invaded Ke, and took Mow-low.

[On the day] Mow-shin, Chow-yu of Wei murdered his ruler, Hwan.

In summer, the duke and the duke of Sung met at Ts‘ing.

The duke of Sung, the marquis of Ch‘in, an army of Ts‘ae, and an army of Wei invaded Ch‘ing.

In autumn, Hwuy led a force, and joined the duke of Sung, the marquis of Ch‘in, the army of Ts‘ae, and the army of Wei, in the invasion of Ch‘ing.

In the ninth month, the people of Wei put Chow-yu to death in Puh.

In winter, in the twelfth month, the people of Wei raised Tsin [to be marquis of the State].

In his fifth year, in spring, the duke [went] to see the fishermen at T‘ang.

In summer, in the fourth month, there was the burial of duke Hwan of Wei.

In autumn, an army of Wei entered Shing.

In the ninth month, [the duke] completed the shrine-palace of Chung Tsze. For the first time he exhibited [only] six rows of pantomimes.

An army of Choo and an army of Ch‘ing invaded Sung.

There were the ming-insects.

In winter, in the twelfth month, duke [Hëaou’s] son K‘ow died.

An army of Sung invaded Ch‘ing, and besieged Ch‘ang-koh.

In [the duke’s] sixth year, in spring, an officer of Ch‘ing came [to Loo] with overtures of peace.

In summer, in the fifth month, on [the day] Sin-yëw, the duke had a meeting with the marquis of Ts‘e, when they made a covenant at Gae.

[It was] autumn, the seventh month.

In winter, an army of Sung took Ch‘ang-koh.

In his seventh year, in spring, in the king’s third month, the duke’s third daughter went to the harem of Ke.

The marquis of T‘ăng died.

In summer, we walled Chung-k‘ëw.

The marquis of Ts‘e sent his younger brother Nëen [to Loo] with friendly inquiries.

In autumn, the duke invaded Choo.

In winter, the king [by] Heaven’s [grace] sent the earl of Fan to Loo with friendly inquiries.

The Jung attacked the earl of Fan at Ts‘oo-k‘ëw, and carried him back with them.

In [the duke’s] eighth year, in spring, the duke of Sung and the marquis of Wei met at Chuy.

In the third month, the earl of Ch‘ing sent Yuen [to Loo] to give up Păng.

On [the day] Kăng-yin we entered Păng.

In summer, in the sixth month, on [the day] Ke-hae, K‘aou-foo, marquis of Ts‘ae, died.

On [the day] Sin-hae, the baron of Suh died.

In autumn, in the seventh month, on [the day] Kăng-woo, the duke of Sung, the marquis of Ts‘e, and the marquis of Wei made a covenant at Ya-uh.

In the eighth month, there was the burial of duke Seuen of Ts‘ae.

In the ninth month, on [the day] Sin-maou, the duke and an officer of Keu made a covenant at Fow-lae.

There were the ming-insects.

In winter, in the twelfth month, Woo-hëae died.

In [the duke’s] ninth year, in spring, the king [by] Heaven’s [grace] sent Nan Ke to Loo with friendly inquiries.

In the third month, on the day Kwei-yëw, there was great rain, with thunder and lightning. On [the day] Kăng-shin there was a great fall of snow.

Hëeh died.

In summer, we walled Lang.

It was autumn, the seventh month.

In winter, the duke had a meeting with the marquis of Ts‘e in Fang.

In his tenth year, in spring, in the king’s second month, the duke had a meeting with the marquis of Ts‘e and the earl of Ch‘ing in Chung-k‘ëw.

In summer, Hwuy led a force, and joined an officer of Ts‘e and an officer of Ch‘ing in an invasion of Sung.

In the sixth month, on [the day] Jin-seuh, the duke defeated an army of Sung at Kwan.

On the day Sin-we, we took Kaou; on the day Sin-sze, we took Fang.

In autumn, an army of Sung and an army of Wei entered Ch‘ing.

The army of Sung, the army of Ts‘ae, and the army of Wei attacked Tae. The earl of Ch‘ing attacked and took them [all.]

In winter, in the tenth month, on the day Jin-woo, an army of Ts‘e and an army of Ch‘ing entered Shing.

In [the duke’s] eleventh year, in spring, the marquis of T‘ăng and the marquis of Sëeh appeared at the court [of Loo].

In summer, the duke had a meeting with the earl of Ch‘ing at She-lae.

In autumn, in the seventh month, on the day Jin-woo, the duke, with the marquis of Ts‘e and the earl of Ch‘ing, entered Heu.

In winter, in the eleventh month, on [the day] Jin-shin, the duke died.