Masters

Thinkers and philosophers of the Confucian tradition.

◆ A vermillion diamond marks figures core to the tradition.

先秦

Pre-Qin

551–221 BCE
孔子 Confucius Kǒngzǐ · 551–479 BCE Early Confucianism 孟子 Mencius Mèngzǐ · 372–289 BCE School of Mencius 荀子 Xunzi Xúnzǐ · 310–235 BCE School of Xunzi 顏回 Yan Hui Yán Huí · 521–490 BCE Early Confucianism 曾子 Zengzi Zēngzǐ · 505–435 BCE Early Confucianism 子思 Zisi Zǐsī · 483–402 BCE Early Confucianism
漢

Han Dynasty

206 BCE–220 CE
董仲舒 Dong Zhongshu Dǒng Zhòngshū · 179–104 BCE Han Confucianism 鄭玄 Zheng Xuan Zhèng Xuán · 127–200 Han Confucianism
唐

Tang Dynasty

618–907
韓愈 Han Yu Hán Yù · 768–824
宋

Song Dynasty

960–1279
朱熹 Zhu Xi Zhū Xī · 1130–1200 School of Principle 周敦頤 Zhou Dunyi Zhōu Dūnyí · 1017–1073 School of Principle 張載 Zhang Zai Zhāng Zài · 1020–1077 School of Principle 程顥 Cheng Hao Chéng Hào · 1032–1085 School of Principle 程頤 Cheng Yi Chéng Yí · 1033–1107 School of Principle 陸象山 Lu Xiangshan Lù Xiàngshān · 1139–1193 School of Mind
明

Ming Dynasty

1368–1644
王陽明 Wang Yangming Wáng Yángmíng · 1472–1529 School of Mind
清

Qing Dynasty

1644–1912
顧炎武 Gu Yanwu Gù Yánwǔ · 1613–1682 Evidential School 黃宗羲 Huang Zongxi Huáng Zōngxī · 1610–1695 Evidential School 王夫之 Wang Fuzhi Wáng Fūzhī · 1619–1692 Evidential School
現代

Modern

1900–present
康有為 Kang Youwei Kāng Yǒuwéi · 1858–1927 Reform Confucianism 熊十力 Xiong Shili Xióng Shílì · 1885–1968 New Confucianism 牟宗三 Mou Zongsan Móu Zōngsān · 1909–1995 New Confucianism 唐君毅 Tang Junyi Táng Jūnyì · 1909–1978 New Confucianism 杜維明 Tu Weiming Tú Wéimíng · 1940– New Confucianism